Determine if and When Your Wine Goes Bad
Wine is a delicate beverage that requires proper care to maintain its quality. Once a bottle is opened, the clock starts ticking on its freshness. But how can you tell if your wine has gone bad? And what can you do to prolong its life? This post will guide you through the signs of wine spoilage, how long different types of wine last after opening, and tips to keep your wine fresh for as long as possible.
Understanding Wine Spoilage
Oxidation
Oxidation is the primary reason for wine going bad. When exposed to air, wine can turn to vinegar over time. Oxidized white wine turns a brownish tint, while red wine turns a brownish-orange color. The wine will release a nutty or jam-like odor in white wines or sharp vinegar and an unpleasant caramelized odor in reds. It will taste and look flat, losing its flavor, aroma, and color.
Microbial Contamination
Microbial contamination or spoilage occurs with the development of micro-organisms whose metabolism can negatively affect wine quality. Certain bacteria and yeasts can grow in wine, often resulting in unpleasant odors and flavors. For instance, Brettanomyces is a yeast that can produce a barnyard or band-aid smell in wine, while certain lactic bacteria can cause a buttery or sour milk aroma.
Heat Damage
Heat damage, also known as "maderized" or "cooked" wine, can occur when wine is stored in hot conditions. This can result in a jammy or stew-like smell or even a burnt or caramel aroma.
How Long Does Wine Last After Opening?
The lifespan of an opened bottle of wine can vary depending on several factors, such as the type of wine, the storage conditions, and how much air has entered the bottle. Generally, an opened bottle of red wine can last up to 5 days if stored properly in a cool and dark place with a wine stopper or cork to prevent excess oxygen from getting in. For white wine, it can last for up to 3 days under the same storage conditions. However, some types of wine, such as fortified wines like port or sherry, can last longer due to their higher alcohol content and added fortification. On the other hand, sparkling wines like Cava and Champagne start to lose their fizz within a few hours.
Techniques to Keep Wine Fresh
Cork it: If you suspect you might not finish the bottle in one sitting, immediately put the cork back in after pouring a glass.
Store it upright: Storing the bottle upright ensures a limited surface area is exposed to oxygen.
Keep it out of the sun: Sunlight can degrade and prematurely age wine.
Store in a cold, dark place: The fridge is an excellent option for storage. The cooler temperature won't stop the exposed wine from breaking down but can significantly slow the process.
When to Get Rid of the Open Bottle
If the wine has turned cloudy or opaque or smells like vinegar, wet cardboard, or wet dog, that means over-oxidation or bacterial growth has occurred, and it's time to discard the bottle.
Remember, the key to enjoying wine is to drink it at its best. If you suspect your wine has gone bad, it's better to err on the side of caution and discard it. After all, there's always another bottle to be opened and enjoyed! I hope this post has been helpful in understanding how to determine if and when your wine goes bad. Remember, the key to enjoying wine is to drink it at its best. If you suspect your wine has gone bad, it's better to err on the side of caution and discard it. After all, there's always another bottle to be opened and enjoyed!